在这句话里，by
和
for
都用得不对。by
和
for
后面需跟名词或宾语从句。所以，这句话的正确英文应为：
We
are
surprised
by
the
fact
that
he
finished
the
work
in
time/so
quickly.
We
are
surprised
for
how
much
he
had
to
do
in
finishing
the
work.
从上可以看出：be
surprised
by的后面通常直接跟名词，而
be
surprised
for
的后面通常直接跟(宾语)从句。
希望对你有帮助。
两句都是病句，错得各有千秋
你可以这样说
we
are
surprised
by
him
finishing
the
work
so
well
和we
are
surprised
for
what
he
has
done
here
for
和
by都是介词，后面接名词或者动名词，代词等，不能接从句
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